SKYWARN WEATHER SCALES

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HAIL SIZES

Measurements: Always measure the outside diameter or the longest axis.

Report the largest size observed and depth covering the ground.

1/4"  PEA size

 

1/2"

 SMALLMARBLE
  Small marble is assumed 1/2")

 

3/4"  PENNY size 

Picture

7/8"  NICKEL size 

nickel size

1"  QUARTER size
1 1/4"  HALF DOLLAR size
1 1/2"  PING PONG BALL size
1 3/4"  GOLF BALL size  
2"  LIME size Picture
2 1/2"  TENNIS BALL size Picture    
2 3/4"  BASEBALL size Picture    
3"  LARGE APPLE Picture
4"  SOFTBALL size Picture
4 1/2"

 GRAPEFRUIT size

Picture
4 3/4 - 5"

 Computer CD-DVD size

 
6"      
7"  

 Previous record

Picture     
8"     U-S RECORD 
  (7/23/10,  Vivian, South Dakota)
  NWS Link        Press Release
Picture     

The Hail chart applies only to these S-E Wisconsin counties: Milwaukee, Racine, Kenosha, Walworth, Waukesha, Ozaukee, Sheboygan,
Washington, Fond Du Lac, Rock, Green, Lafayette, Iowa, Dane, Dodge, Columbia, Marquette, Green Lake, , Richland, Sauk.

  WWW.MKE-SKYWARN.ORG
   
WIND SPEED
STRAIGHT-LINE WIND GUST ESTIMATES
30-45 MPH DISCRIPTION PENDING.
45-57 MPH
Non severe

Large trees bend; twigs, small limbs break, and a few larger dead or weak branches may break. Old/weak structures (e.g., sheds, barns) may sustain minor damage (roof, doors). A few loose shingles removed from houses.

58-74 MPH
Severe = 58

Large limbs break; shallow rooted trees pushed over. Semi-trucks overturned. More significant damage to old / weak structures. Shingles, awnings removed from houses; damage to chimneys and antennas; mobile homes, carports incur minor structural damage; large billboard signs may be toppled.

75-89 MPH
Hurricane Force

Widespread tree damage (trees either broken or uprooted). Mobile homes may incur more significant structural damage; be pushed off foundations or overturned. Roofs may be partially peeled off industrial/commercial/warehouse buildings. Some minor roof damage to homes. Weak or open structures (e.g. farm buildings, airplane hangars) may be severely damaged.

90+ MPH
Significant Severe

Groves of trees flattened. Mobile homes severely damaged; moderate roof damage to homes. Roofs partially peeled off homes and buildings. Barns and sheds completely demolished.

All references to trees are for trees with foliage. Significantly higher winds may be required to cause similar damage to trees without foliage. Also, very wet soil conditions may allow weaker winds of 30-57 MPH to uproot trees.

 


 

 

FUJITA TORNADO SCALE

Original Fujita Scale 

New Enhanced Fujita Scale (2007)

F0    40 - 72 Mph

 EF0    65 - 85 Mph    
 Some damage to chimneys and signs, branches break off, shallow rooted trees pushed over.

F1    73-112 Mph

  EF1    86-110 Mph    
 Roof tiling peeled off; Mobile homes pushed off foundations or overturned. Autos pushed off roads.

F2   113-157 Mph

  EF2  111-135 Mph     Roofs torn off frame houses; mobile homes destroyed;
 large trees snapped or uprooted; cars lifted off ground.

F3   158-206 Mph

  EF3  136-165 Mph     Roofs ans some walls torn off well constructed houses;
 most trees in forest uprooted

F4   207-260 Mph

  EF4  166-200 Mph

F5   261-318 Mph

  EF5       > 200 Mph

 
EF0 (65-85 Mph)
EF1 (86-110Mph) Surfaces peeled off roofs, mobile home overturned, automobiles pushed off roads.
EF2 (111-135 Mph)
EF3
EF4
EF5
 
ICE
HURRICANE
 
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